AWS Welding Inspection and Testing Certification Practice Test

Which type of weld metal discontinuity is generally regarded as the most severe?

1. Porosity

2. Overlap

3. Slag inclusion

4. Crack

The correct answer is: Crack

The most severe type of weld metal discontinuity is a crack. Cracks represent a complete failure of the integrity of the weld. They can significantly compromise the mechanical properties and overall strength of the welded joint, leading to catastrophic failure under load or stress. Cracks can propagate and worsen over time due to various factors including thermal stresses, structural loads, and environmental conditions. In contrast, while other types of discontinuities such as porosity, overlap, and slag inclusion can certainly affect the performance of a weld, they typically do not pose the same immediate threat to the structural integrity. For example, porosity may lead to reduced strength but does not as directly jeopardize the weld’s load-carrying ability as cracks do. Overlap can indicate issues in the welding process but may not lead to immediate failure. Slag inclusions, although undesirable, usually have a lesser impact on the weld's overall structural performance compared to the presence of a crack. Therefore, due to the potential for catastrophic failure and the significant decrease in strength they cause, cracks are classified as the most severe type of weld metal discontinuity.