AWS Welding Inspection and Testing Certification Practice Test

What can cause slag inclusions during the SMAW welding process?

1. Improper electrode storage

2. Improper cleaning between weld beads

3. High humidity levels

4. Poor welding rod selection

The correct answer is: Improper cleaning between weld beads

Slag inclusions during the Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) process primarily occur when there is insufficient cleaning of the weld joint between layers or passes of weld. When the surface of the weld area is not properly cleaned, contaminants such as slag, rust, or other impurities can mix with the molten metal during the welding process. This leads to imperfections where trapped slag becomes embedded in the weld bead, compromising the integrity and performance of the weld. Proper cleaning is essential for ensuring a strong weld and prevents the incorporation of slag, which can lead to weak welds prone to cracking or failure. Techniques such as wire brushing, grinding, or utilizing a chipping hammer to remove any slag or impurities must be rigorously adhered to in order to maintain the quality of the weld. While factors such as improper electrode storage, high humidity levels, and poor welding rod selection may affect weld quality in other ways, they do not directly contribute to the presence of slag inclusions as a result of inadequate cleaning between weld beads.