AWS Welding Inspection and Testing Certification Practice Test

Excessive convexity in a weld occurs when:

1. The weld metal is too flat

2. The weld metal rolls over the weld toe

3. The heat affected zone is too large

4. The metal is over-fused

The correct answer is: The weld metal rolls over the weld toe

Excessive convexity in a weld is primarily related to how the weld metal behaves during and after the welding process. When the weld metal rolls over the weld toe, it indicates that there has been an accumulation of molten metal that has not cooled and solidified evenly or has been influenced by improper welding technique. This rolling effect creates a bulging appearance at the junction of the weld toe, resulting in excessive convexity. Moreover, this phenomenon often results from factors such as insufficient control over the welding parameters or a technique that does not allow the metal to settle properly. Proper welding practices should enable the weld metal to be deposited uniformly without creating excessive height or profile at the weld toe. While other factors listed might influence the overall characteristics of a weld, they do not specifically lead to the described excessive convexity in the same direct manner as the rolling over of the weld toe does.